FRAMES
OF COGNITION - 1
It seems
frames in daily language signify a different meaning than frames in cognition
specially in psychology and sociology.
The daily
usage of frame signifies an enclosing border.
The cognitive use of frame signifies a context and a decision of real/true
or not real/false.
The
difference of daily and cognitive usage is the triggering mechanism in the
cognitive usage. The cognitive usage also
keeps the borders in the sense of being in a collection of objects or not. But it
provides a trigging mechanism and a pointer to an action/schema in
addition. If an input is in the
collection of the frame it trigges its schema.
This is a fundemental difference between the daily and other usages of
frames arising from the inherent structure of the human brain.
I will
provide some references below on the use of frames in different areas of
interest.
In “Frames
of Cognition-2”, I will explain why the difference between the daily and other
usages of frames is only on the surface.
In fact, frames inherently has the same signified functionality.
In “Frames of Cognition-3”, I will first ponder
on the feeling of vigilance and on how its process works. Then I will brainstorm on the role of frames
in the processing of feelings and the interaction of cognition and emotion.
This will
prepare the substructure for studying illusions and specially aviation
illusions in my later blog articles.
Frames in daily language
Definition of Frame by Merriam-Webster [1]
:
4a:an enclosing border
b:the matter or area enclosed in such
a border: such as :context,frame of reference
Türk Dil Kurumu
Sözlüğü [2]:)
çerçeve Far. çerçeve
a.
...
3. mec. Bir konunun, bir düşünce alanının sınırları veya bu sınırlar içindeki
alan: Boğaziçi'ninböyle bir medeniyet çerçevesi içinde geçen hayatı ne
güzel ve mükemmeldir.
Frames in cognition
Frames
as Thinking Contexts [3] :
We
know that people think in contexts which are well defined and which have clear
semantic roles, and these thinking contexts are known as frames. For example, a
school frame, when invoked, contains, textbooks, desks, whiteboard,teachers and
students – these are all objects with a semantic role of their own which
dictates their expected behavior or function.
Our minds tend to evaluate objects,
actions and facts as real/true when they correspond to the frame, and as not
real/false when they do not.And frames are automatically invoked each time a
communication process or a perceptive process refer to the frame, any of
itscomponents, or their behaviour.
Frames in psychology
Framing
effect (psychology) [4] :
The framing effect is a cognitive bias where
people decide on options based on whether the options are presented with
positive or negative connotations; e.g. as a loss or as a gain.[1]People tend
to avoid risk when a positive frame is presented but seek risks when a negative
frame ispresented.
Frames in sociology
Framing
(social sciences) [5] :
In
the social sciences, framing comprises a set of concepts and theoretical
perspectives on how individuals, groups, and societies organize, perceive, and
communicate about reality.Framing can manifest in thought or interpersonal
communication.
REFERENCES:
[1] Definition of Frame by Merriam-Webster
1 a:the
physical makeup of an animal and especially a human body
b:something composed of parts fitted
together and united
2 a:the
underlying constructional system or structure that gives shape or strength (as
to a building)
b:a frame dwelling
3 a:an
open case or structure made for admitting, enclosing, or supporting something
a window frame
d:a machine built upon or within a
framework,a spinning frame
4a:an enclosing border
b:the matter or area enclosed in such a
border: such as :context,frame of reference
[2] Türk Dil Kurumu
çerçeve Far. çerçeve
b.
1.
Resim, yazı, ayna vb.ni süslemek veya bir yere asılabilecek duruma getirmek
için bunlara geçirilen kenarlık: Duvarda bir çerçeve asılıdır
kiçarpıktır, düzeltemezsiniz. -R. H.
Karay. 2. Kapı, pencere ile bunların cam veya tablalarının yerleştirilmiş
olduğu kenarlık: Pencerenin
genişçerçevesi yıldız salkımlarıyla dolu. -Y. Z.
Ortaç. 3. mec. Bir konunun, bir düşünce alanının sınırları veya bu sınırlar
içindeki alan: Boğaziçi'ninböyle
bir medeniyet çerçevesi içinde geçen hayatı ne güzel ve mükemmeldir. -A.
Ş. Hisar. 4. Beden eğitiminde asılma ve tırmanmalar içinkullanılan araç.
[3] Frames as Thinking Contexts: https://defacto.space/frames-as-thinking-contexts/
What are
frames
We know
that people think in contexts which are well defined and which have clear
semanticroles, and these thinking contexts are known as frames. For example, a
school frame, when invoked, contains, textbooks, desks, whiteboard,teachers and
students – these are all objects with a semantic role of their own which
dictates their expected behavior or function. Frames are a well known concept
in social sciences which isrelated to social constructivism.
When our
minds use frames
Our minds
tend to evaluate objects, actions and facts as real/true when they correspond
to the frame, and as not real/false when they do not.And frames are
automatically invoked each time a communication process or a perceptive process
refer to the frame, any of itscomponents, or their behaviour.
Interestingly,
our minds use “neuron highways”and they tend to prefer to travel over larger routes
than over small and narrow streets. This is because in its pursuit of
efficiency, the mind chooses the path of lesser resistance for the chemical
reaction triggered along the neurological path. And neuron connections strengthen
each time we confirm a fact which already fits an established frame.
How frames
determine true and false
These
frames are, however, different for each person, so the evaluation result of
something being real/true or not
real/false is subjective.This is because frames are shaped to suit the particular
context in which any given individual has been existing. When we evaluate a new
piece of information, the mind demonstrates a natural tendency to process this
information via the established “highway network” it has. In this attempt to
classify the emerging new reality into a pre-existing neurologcal pathway or frame,
if the new information fails to fit there,the mind simply discards it as
“unnatural”.
This
explains why a single fact or information can be evaluated, perceived, and
ultimately recorded, in a different manner and with a different connotation.
Frames are very, very slow to form and equally difficult to change –and
sometimes this is impossible. Next time you debate something with an opponent
you’d rather classify as stubborn, think of how long their beliefs have been reinforced
over and over to form their minds.
Origin
Framing was first introduced byProfessor
Gregory Bateson ,an antropologist and polymath, in Steps to anEcology of Mind
(1972). (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory_Bateson
[4] Framing effect (psychology) 2/5/2021 Framing
effect (psychology) - Wikipedia
The framing effect is a cognitive bias where people
decide on options based on whether the options are presented with positive or negative
connotations; e.g. as a loss or as a gain.[1]People tend to avoid risk when a
positive frame is presented but seek risks when a negative frame ispresented.[2]
Gain and loss are defined in the scenario as descriptions of outcomes (e.g.,
lives lost orsaved, disease patients treated and not treated, etc.).Prospect
theory shows that a loss is more significant than the equivalent gain,[2] that
a sure gain(certainty effect and pseudocertainty effect) is favored over a
probabilistic gain,[3] and that a probabilistic loss is preferred to a definite
loss.[2] One of the dangers of framing effects is that people are often
provided with options within the context of only one of the two frames.
[5] Framing (social sciences) - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framing_(social_sciences) 1/32
In the social sciences, framing comprises
a set of concepts and theoretical perspectives on how individuals, groups, and
societies organize, perceive, and communicate about reality.Framing can
manifest in thought or interpersonal communication. Frames in thought consist
of the mental representations,interpretations, and simplifications of reality. Frames
in communication consist of the communication of frames between
differentactors. Framing is a key
component of sociology, the study of social interaction among humans. Framing
is an integral part of conveying and processing data on a daily basis.
