Quaker Karar Hükmü* – Oybirliği veya Hiç
Quaker
Decision* Rule- Unanimity or Nothing
Edwin Hutchins, Cognition_in_the_Wild
Her bir
karar ağının çevredeki ortamın yalnız bir yönünü dikkate alacağı bir dünya
hayal ediniz, fakat bütün ağlar kendi izledikleri temelinde oluşturdukları
yorumları birbirleri ile iletişebilsinler.
Imagine
a world in which each network can attend to only one aspect of the environment
at a time, but all networks communicate with one another about the
interpretations they form on the basis of what they are attending to.
Suppose
further that there is more information in the environment consistent with one interpretation
(call it the best interpretation ) than with another. Then, any single individual
acting alone will reach the best interpretation only when it happens to be
attending to some aspect of the environment that is associated with that
interpretation or when it happens to be predisposed to that interpretation.
çünkü tanım
olarak en iyi yorum en çok desteklenen yorumdur.
If
there are many networks and the aspect of the environment each attends to is
chosen at random, then on average more of them will be attending to evidence
supporting the best interpretation than to evidence supporting any other
interpretation, since by definition the best interpretation is the one for
which there is most support.
If the networks in such a group are in high -bandwidth communication with one another from the outset, they will behave as the Gala system did, rushing as a group to the interpretation that is closest to the center of gravity of their predispositions regardless of the evidence.
If,
however, they are allowed to go their own ways for a while, attending to both
the available evidence and their predispositions, and then to communicate with
one another, they will first sample the information in the environment and then
go (as a group ) to the interpretation that is best supported.
Yorumların
çeşitliliğini çözümlemede simulasyonlar bu yaklaşımın iki eksikliğini
belirtir. Birincisi, bireyler iletişim
başlamadan önce, birbirleri ile
çelişkili çok iyi formule edilmiş yorumlara ulaşırlarsa hiç bir sonuca
varılamayabilir. Yalnızca oluşturmuş
oldukları yorumlarla kalabilirler.
The simulations indicate two shortcomings of this mode of resolving the diversity of interpretations. First, if some individuals arrive at very well -formed interpretations that are in conflict with one another before communication begins, there may be no resolution at all. They may simply stay with the interpretations they have already formed.
Sometimes
such " hard cases" can be dislodged by changing the distribution of
access to evidence in the community by giving stubborn networks direct access
to evidence that contradicts their present interpretation. However, this may
only drive the network to a state in which it has no coherent interpretation of
the situation.
·
Key components of Quaker-based
consensus include a belief in a common humanity and the ability to decide
together. The goal is "unity, not unanimity." Ensuring that group
members speak only once until others are heard encourages a diversity of
thought.
·
Quakerlar nasıl karar verir?
·
How do Quakers make decisions?
Quaker Modelinde kolaylaştırıcı/memur kişi anlaşılan alanları belirler ve
tartışmayı daha derine yönlendirmek için anlaşmazlıkları isimlendirir. Kolaylaştırıcı kişi tartışmanın anlamını
ifade eder, başka yönler olup olmadığını
sorar ve karara ilişkin bir ‘anlık not’ önerir.
The facilitator ("clerk" or
"convenor" in the Quaker model) identifies areas of
agreement and names disagreements to push discussion deeper. The facilitator
articulates the sense of the discussion, asks if there are other concerns, and
proposes a "minute" of the decision.
https://nevadasmallbusiness.com/the-positives-and-negatives-of-decision-by-committee/